国务院批转国家出版局关于发布加强对外合作出版管理的暂行规定的报告的通知(附英文)
国务院
国务院批转国家出版局关于发布加强对外合作出版管理的暂行规定的报告的通知(附英文)
1981年10月12日，国务院
通知
现将国家出版局《关于发布加强对外合作出版管理的暂行规定的报告》和《加强对外合作出版管理的暂行规定》转发给你们，请参照执行．
国家出版局关于发布加强对外合作出版管理的暂行规定的报告
一九七九年以来，我国部分出版社开始同国外出版公司合作出版书刊．去年六月，国务院和中央宣传部批准国家出版局《关于加强同国外合作出版的报告》以后，对外合作出版业务有了新的发展．
目前，我国已有四十多家出版社同日本、南斯拉夫、美国、英国、法国、西德、意大利、瑞士、澳大利亚、新加坡等十二个国家和港澳地区的七十多家出版公司，签订了一百二十多项合同，计划合作出版书刊四百余种，主要形式是由我国出版社负责编辑，由外国出版社负责印刷发行．
书稿内容涉及中外语文工具书、教科书、科学技术、农业、医药、体育、美术、文物、旅游、烹调、轻工、建筑等方面．其中已经出版发行的书刊有二十余种．这批书刊，思想内容健康，表现形式活泼，装帧设计新颖，受到国外读者欢迎．
为了总结交流经验，加强对外合作出版工作的领导与管理，我们于一九八一年五月在成都召开了全国对外合作出版工作座谈会．
会议指出，两年来对外合作出版的发展和取得的成绩证明：开展对外合作出版，可以利用国外出版公司的印刷出版条件和发行渠道，在全世界出版发行我们编写的书刊，加强对外宣传和文化交流，扩大我国的影响；同时可以保护我国部分作品的版权和为国家增加外汇收入；也可以吸取
国外先进的出版、印刷、摄影技术和编辑工作经验，改进我国的出版工作．
会议认为，鉴于我们还缺乏经验，对外合作出版目前应当采取稳步前进的方针．各个出版社要统筹兼顾、全面规划，在为国内多出书、出好书的条件下，按照自己的出书方针与范围，逐步地开展对外合作出版工作．
为了适应对外合作出版的需要，会议要求有合作出版任务的出版社要注意选拔、培养熟悉出版业务的外语干部，在今后三、五年内，每个出版社应当配备三、五名外语干部，大的出版社还应多一些．
会议讨论并制订了《加强对外合作出版管理的暂行规定》，现送上，请一并审批．如认为可行，望批转全国执行．
加强对外合作出版管理的暂行规定
为了加强对外合作出版工作的领导和管理，特制订本规定．
一、对外合作出版，必须符合我国的外交政策和对外方针，有利于加强对外宣传和文化交流；不得有损于我主权和国家利益；并严格遵守国家有关保密的规定．
二、对外合作出版，应注意了解国际图书市场的情况，维护我国作者和出版者的权益，在平等互利的基础上，在经济上有所收益．
三、确定对外合作项目，要根据自己的条件与特点，符合本社的出书方针和出书范围．
四、对外合作出版项目，应经双方充分协商确定．合作书刊的编辑方针、书稿内容以及最后定稿，均须经我方同意．凡经我方审定的书稿，未经我方同意，对方不得擅自增删或作其他改动．合作出版介绍我国情况的摄影画册或其他书刊中选用的照片，一般应由我方提供，不宜采取由对方派人拍摄或双方合拍的方式．
五、合作出版供我国读者使用的外国编辑的书稿，应是我国所急需的，必要时应根据我国的情况对其内容进行增删或改编，在经济上尽量做到不用外汇支付对方应得的收益．
六、对外合作出版，只能由国家正式批准的出版社进行．任何非出版单位和个人，均不得同国外进行合作出版．未经原出版社同意，任何出版社不得同国外合作出版其他出版社出版的书刊．出版社拟同国外合作出版的书稿，应事先征得原作者或原编辑单位的同意．
七、出版社可以直接对外洽谈合作出版业务，也可以委托国家 批准的经营对外合作出版业务的专业公司或国外可靠的代理商进行．
八、同我进行合作出版的单位，应是对我友好并有可靠的信誉和资金，不要同情况不明的外商签订合同．
九、为了明确双方的权利和义务，每个合作项目都应签订有一定时限的合同．对于版权所有，一方转让或准许另一方使用的出版发行权和其他权利，支付报酬的数量、方式和时间，均应在合同中逐项加以规定．凡我方提供的书稿或图片，未经我方同意，对方不得转让版权，不得扩大使用权，不得扩大发行区域．
十、确定对外合作出版项目，应分别不同情况履行审批手续：
凡国内已公开出版的出版物，中央一级出版社由出版社自行决定，报上级主管部门备案，地方出版社报省、市、自治区出版局审批；
凡国内尚未出版的出版物，中央一级出版社报上级主管部门审批，地方出版社报省、市、自治区人民政府审批．内容涉及到全国的大型丛书，应事先征得国家出版局的同意；
凡涉及党和国家重大方针和外交政策的书稿，党和国家领导人的著作或传记，须经国家出版局会签后，报国务院或中央审批；
重要文物和其他珍品的摄影和使用，涉及国界线的地图的出版，应严格按照国家有关规定办理．
所有对外合作出版的送审报告、中外文合同（或协议书）、样本，均应报国家出版局备案．
十一、对于开展对外合作出版所必需的业务人员同国外的往来，主管部门应简化审批手续，提供方便，以利于合同的顺利执行．
十二、合作出版书刊，应按国内现行稿酬制度，分别情况向作者支付报酬；
首次出版的书稿，可按略高于国内稿酬标准支付报酬；
使用国内已出版过的书稿，亦可支付适当的报酬，一般不超过原基本稿酬的百分之六十；
使用外国人的作品，可按略高于国内作者稿酬支付．
上述报酬，均以人民币支付，个别确属特别情况必须支付外汇者，经上级主管部门批准后，在本单位所得外汇中支付．
十三、在对外合作出版工作中，各出版社之间要发扬社会主义协作风格，注意互通情报，对外协调一致，遇有分歧和矛盾，应内部协商或报上级机关协调解决．
十四、在对外交往中，要严格遵守外事纪律，维护民族尊严和国家声誉．
INTERIM PROVISIONS FOR STRENGTHENING THE ADMINISTRATION OF PUBLI-CATION IN CO-OPERATION WITH FOREIGN COUNTRIES
Important Notice: (注意事项)
英文本源自中华人民共和国务院法制局编译, 中国法制出版社出版的《中华人民共和国涉外法规汇编》(1991年7月版).
当发生歧意时, 应以法律法规颁布单位发布的中文原文为准.
This English document is coming from the "LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS" (1991.7)
which is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs of the State
Council of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.
Whole Document (法规全文)
INTERIM PROVISIONS FOR STRENGTHENING THE ADMINISTRATION OF PUBLI-
CATION IN CO-OPERATION WITH FOREIGN COUNTRIES
(Approved and promulgated by the State Council on Oct. 12, 1981)
These Provisions are formulated for the purpose of strengthening the
leadership over, and administration of, the work of publication in co-
operation with foreign countries.
1. Publication in co-operation with foreign countries shall conform to
China's foreign policy and principle and facilitate the strengthening of
China's publicity in and cultural exchanges with, foreign countries, shall
do no harm to China's sovereignty and national interests and shall be
strictly governed by the State provisions concerning the maintenance of
secrets.
2. In co-operation with foreign countries in publication, it is imperative
to study the situation of the international book market, safeguard the
rights and interests of China's authors and publishers and, on the basis
of equality and mutual benefits, achieve reasonable economic returns.
3. A publishing house shall determine its projects of co-operation with
foreign countries in the light of its own conditions and characteristics
and in conformity with its own publishing principle and scope of
publication.
4. Projects of publication in co-operation with foreign countries shall be
determined through full consultation between the two parties thereto. The
editing principle, the contents of the manuscript and the finalized
version thereof with respect to a book or journal to be jointly published
shall all be subject to the consent of the Chinese party. Without the
consent of the Chinese party, no part of the contents of a manuscript that
has been examined and finalized by the Chinese party may be supplemented,
deleted or otherwise altered by the other party. Pictures selected for use
in picture-albums or other books or journals to be jointly published for
the purpose of giving information about China shall in general be provided
by the Chinese party and it is unadvisable to have them taken by the other
party or jointly taken by both parties.
5. Manuscripts edited by a foreign country to be jointly published for use
by Chinese readers shall be those of which China is in urgent need and
shall, when necessary, be duly supplemented, deleted or re-edited in
accordance with the actual situation in China. Financially, every possible
means shall be tried to avoid making payment in foreign exchange for the
economic returns that the other party shall be entitled to.
6. Publication in co-operation with foreign countries shall only be
undertaken by the publishing houses that have been officially authorized
by the State. No non-publishing units or individuals may undertake
publication in co-operation with foreign countries. Without the
permission of the original publishing houses, no publishing houses may co-
operate with foreign parties in publishing books or journals published by
other publishing houses. A publishing house that intends to co-operate
with a foreign party in publishing a manuscript shall solicit in advance
the permission of the author or the original editing unit.
7. A publishing house may negotiate co-operative publication business
directly with a foreign party or may entrust a specialized company that
has been authorized by the State to handle co-operative publication
business with foreign countries or entrust a reliable foreign agency with
the negotiation.
8. Foreign units that are to co-operate with China in publication business
shall be those which are friendly to China and have reliable credit and
financial resources. It is imperative not to sign contracts with foreign
businessmen whose standing is not clear.
9. In order to specify the rights and obligations of both parties, a
contract prescribing a time limit shall be signed. As to the ownership of
the copyright, the transfer by one party to the other the right of
publication and distribution and other rights or the permission by one
party to the other of the use of these rights, as well as the amount of
remuneration, the mode and time of payment thereof shall be stipulated
item by item in the contract. With respect to manuscripts and pictures
that are provided by the Chinese party, without the consent of the Chinese
party, the other party may not transfer the copyright, or extend the use
thereof, or extend the areas where they shall be distributed.
10. In determining projects of co-operative publication with foreign
countries, the following formalities of examination and approval shall,
depending on the different circumstances, be carried out respectively:
With respect to publications that have been published domestically,
publishing houses at the central level may make their own decisions and
report the projects to the higher competent authority for the record,
whereas publishing houses in the localities shall submit their project
proposals to the publication bureaus of the provinces, municipalities
directly under the Central Government or autonomous regions for
examination and approval.
With respect to publications that have not come off the press
domestically, publishing houses at the central level shall submit their
project proposals to the higher competent authority for examination and
approval, and publishing houses in the localities shall submit their
project proposals to the people's governments of the provinces,
municipalities directly under the Central Government or autonomous regions
for examination and approval. With respect to a project of co-operative
publication of full-length book series whose contents have a nation-wide
bearing, consent of the State Bureau of Publication shall have to be
solicited in advance.
With respect to manuscripts whose contents involve the major principles of
the Party and the State and China's foreign policy and to works by, or
biographies of, the leaders of the Party and the State, the project
proposals shall, after being counter-signed by the State Bureau of
Publication, be submitted to the State Council for examination and
approval.
The taking of photographs of important cultural relics and other rare,
precious objects and the use of such photographs, and the publication of
maps that involve boundary lines of China shall be handled in strict
accordance with the pertinent provisions of the State.
With respect to a publication project of co-operation with a foreign
party, the report submitted requesting the examination and approval of the
project proposal, copies of the contract (or agreement) both in Chinese
and in the foreign language concerned and the sample version of the item
to be published shall be submitted to the State Bureau of Publication for
the record.
11. With respect to trips abroad and back to China by professional
personnel needed in effecting publication in co-operation with foreign
countries, the competent departments shall simplify the examining and
approving formalities and provide convenience so as to facilitate the
smooth implementation of the contract.
12. For books and journals published cooperatively, remuneration shall be
paid to the authors on the merits of each case and in accordance with the
existing domestic system of remuneration.
For manuscripts that are published for the first time, the remuneration
may be slightly higher than the domestic rates.
If a manuscript that has been published domestically is used, appropriate
fees may as well be paid, which shall in general not exceed 60 percent of
the original remuneration. If works of foreign authors are used, the
remuneration may be slightly higher than that which would be paid to
domestic authors.
The aforesaid remunerations shall be paid in Renminbi. The few really
special cases that require payment in foreign exchange, the payment shall,
upon approval by the higher competent departments, be made out of the
foreign exchange that the units concerned have obtained.
13. In the work of publication in co-operation with foreign countries, it
is imperative for various publishing houses to display the socialist style
of co-operation among themselves, keep each other well informed, and work
in co-ordination when dealing with foreign countries. Differences and
contradictions, should they arise, shall be settled through consultations
among themselves or mediation by higher authorities.
14. In dealings with foreign countries, it is imperative to strictly abide
by the disciplines related to foreign affairs and uphold our national
dignity and state prestige.
危险驾驶罪的成因与预防
黑龙江省北安市人民法院 黄玉雪
我国交通事故死亡人数高居世界前列，其中醉酒驾车、飙车等行为是人为造成交通事故的主要原因。鉴于醉酒驾车、飙车等危险驾驶行为已经给人民群众的生命、 财产安全及社会公共管理秩序造成严重威胁，2011年2月25日十一届全国人大常委会第十九次会议表决通过的《中华人民共和国刑法修正案（八）》第二十二条规定了“危险驾驶罪”。自2011年5月1日实行以来，黑龙江省北安市人民法院已经受理了15件危险驾驶案件，占全院受理刑事案件的16.85%如图
一危险驾驶罪的概念与特征
危险驾驶罪，是指违反交通管理法规，危险驾驶，足以造成严重后果，危害不特定多人的生命、健康或者重大公私财产安全的行为。本罪的主要特征是：
1侵犯的客体是交通安全。所谓“交通”，是指航空、铁路、公路和水路交通，即在“公共管理的范围”内的交通。所谓“交通安全”，是指在交通过程中危害不特定多人的生命、健康或者重大公私财产的安全。
2此罪的客观方面表现为在道路上醉酒驾驶机动车或者在道路上驾驶机动车追逐竞驶，且情节恶劣。因此构成此罪要求在客观行为方面，要同时满足以下几个方面的条件：
（1）行为条件：醉酒驾驶机动车或者驾驶机动车追逐竞驶。这里法律条文采用列举的方式，仅将醉酒和驾驶机动车追逐竞驶的行为入罪。刑法修正案（八）第二十二条第一款关于醉驾的界定是“在道路上醉酒驾驶机动车的”。需要注意的是，目前我国对于“醉驾”的认定并不是根据行为人的意识状态，而是根据血液中的酒精含量而定。
首先，对“醉酒驾驶”的理解。目前法律中所认定的醉酒并不是根据行为人的意识状态确定，而是依赖驾驶者血液中的酒精含量。我国《车辆驾驶人员血液、呼气 酒精含量阈值与检验》规定：车辆驾驶人员血液中的酒精含量大于或者等于20mg/100m1，小于80mg/100m1属于饮酒后驾车；醉酒驾车是指车辆 驾驶人员血液中的酒精含量大于或者等于80mg/100ml的驾驶行为。通过计算可以看出，法律上的醉酒标准基本上相当于3两低度白酒。所以“没有喝醉， 不会被判刑”、“干喝不醉，驾车无罪”的理解是错误的，从法律角度讲“醉驾”其本质还是“酒后驾车”，与人的意识清晰程度、控制能力无必然关系 。 我院审理的这15件危险驾驶案件，均为醉酒驾车，其中血样中乙醇含量100mg/100ml——200mg/100ml的12人，200mg/100ml以上的3人。如图
其次，追逐竞驶与醉酒驾驶不同的是前者需要“情节恶劣”的条件，而醉酒驾车无论情节严重与否均可构成本罪。之所以醉酒驾驶不以情节论，主要是考虑到该行 为的客观危害性的确定性，即从医学角度考虑在血液酒精含量达到10mg/100m1以上，人的判断力和控制力都会下降，已经不适合驾驶机动车。酒后驾驶的 行为人即便是清醒的，但是其机体对客观事物的反应时间已经出现延迟，即判断道路状况的敏感力降低。因此，醉酒驾车无论何种情节均需承担责任，换句话说只要 驾驶者被检测其血液中酒精含量达到80mg/100m1即可构成本罪。同时第二款还规定“有前款行为，同时构成其他犯罪的，依照处罚较重的规定定罪处 罚”。也就是说，如果由于危险驾驶行为造成了交通事故等行为，可依据交通肇事罪、以危险方法危害公共安全罪定罪处罚。因此危险驾驶罪的设定是为预防交通事 故所设定的安全驾驶模式，是对驾车司机的一个约束性规定。
（2）空间条件：醉酒驾驶机动车或者驾驶机动车追逐竞驶要在道路上进行。既然该罪规定在《刑法》第一百三十三条之后，作为该条的内容之一，那么这里的“道路”就应该与交通肇事罪中的“道路”范围相一致。按照《道路交通安全法》第一百一十九条的规定，“道路”是指公路、城市道路和虽在单位管辖范围但允许社会机动车通行的地方，包括广场、公共停车场等用于公众通行的场所，即凡是允许社会机动车通行的地方都可以称之为道路。
（3）对象条件：驾驶的是机动车。按照《道路交通安全法》第一百一十九条的规定，机动车是指以动力装置驱动或者牵引，上道路行驶的供人员乘用或者用于运送物品以及进行工程专项作业的轮式车辆，包括大型汽车、小型汽车、专用汽车、特种车、有轨电车、无轨电车等机动车辆。我院审理的15件危险驾驶案件中，重型货车1辆，小型汽车10辆，两轮摩托4辆。需要强调的是，由于我国《道路交通安全法》规定，驾驶电动自行车为非机动车，因此醉后驾驶电动自行车或驾驶电动自行车追逐竞驶的行为不构成危险驾驶罪。
（4） 情节条件：情节恶劣。构成危险驾驶罪要求具有“情节恶劣”的情形。法条对于“情节恶劣”没有作具体的规定。但依照立法的本意，在闹市区、在高速公路上等醉驾或追逐竞驶，或车上载有多人等情形可以视为情节恶劣。这里的“情节恶劣”不包括致人重伤或死亡的情形。因为危险驾驶罪处罚的是醉驾和追逐竞驶的行为，不要求造成严重后果，只要有醉驾或追逐竞驶的行为即构成该罪，如果造成严重后果的，按照交通肇事罪或其他罪名处罚。
3犯罪的主体是一般主体。在实践中，主要是指具体操纵交通工具的驾驶人员，包括飞机、火车、船舶及汽车等交通工具的驾驶人员。应当指出的是，驾驶人员不仅是指有合法驾驶证件的人员，也包括虽无合法驾驶证件但却实际操纵交通工具的人员。我院审理的15件危险驾驶案件中，无证驾驶人员为3人，驾驶车辆均为二轮摩托。
防范的主要方法就是，一是执法部门应加大宣传力度，对于危险驾驶罪的行为及后果，加大宣传力度，虽然有各种媒体的多角度宣传，但是媒体的着眼点和宣传方法毕竟不够专业。我院审理的15件案件中，农民10人，文化程度均较低，对于法律的认识不够充分，也与执法部门宣传力度较弱有关系。二是严格执法。要让公民严格守法，并不在于刑罚有多严厉，而是让他意识到违法必受到追究。意大利法学家贝卡利亚就称“刑罚的威慑力不在于刑罚的严酷性，而在于其不可避免性。”我院审理的这15件危险驾驶案件均是发生事故后发现为醉驾，如果定期或不定期的开展整治酒后驾驶专项行动，应该能够抑制醉驾情况的发生，只有持之以恒的严格执法，才能让潜在的醉驾者受到威慑，进而才能减少醉驾现象的发生。
